An Analytical Review and Comparison of Internet Routing Protocols and a New Prediction Based Routing Strategy
by
Shuchita Upadhyaya Bhasin
Dept. of Computer Science and Applications, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India

With the continuous growth and evolution of the Internet and high-speed transmission and switching technologies, a requirement for efficient, manageable and secure routing algorithms has emerged as one of the most challenging communication problem. Large, heterogeneous, and dynamic networks of the future may require efficient distribution, management, and synthesis of the large volume of diverse information used in routing traffic across the Internet. The routing for the next generation of high-speed Wide Area Networks will be connection oriented QoS routing where dynamic determination of feasible paths and optimization of resource usage will be required. Distance vector as well as Link State routing followed in Internet protocols is distributed in nature. Drawbacks associated with both strategies have been identified in literature. Distributed routing protocols provide the advantages of short routing response times, robustness and easy scalability, but on the other hand slow convergence, oscillations and complications in terms of resource utilization are some of the drawbacks associated with these strategies. Communication overhead for distributed routing is also excessively high for large-scale networks. Inconsistencies in global state at different nodes may cause loops. Although solutions to some of these problems have been provided but at the expense of increased overhead in terms of computations.A need for QoS based routing in Internet has also been recognized in literature and some of the QoS-based routing issues and requirements have been identified. Inaccuracy in the global state maintained in distributed routing may cause the QoS routing fail. Current Internet routing protocols, e.g. OSPF, RIP, using shortest path have been analyzed to have a lack in support of QoS parameters. Although network resources are shared by packets from different sources, current routing does not support resource reservation for guaranteed end-to-end performance. The present study describes a new prediction based routing strategy based on centralized routing computations. An analytic comparison of the strategy with predominant routing protocols viz OSPF, IS-IS, RIP and PNNI is then carried out w.r.t. the above mentioned issues.

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Date received: April 1, 2007